Indicators Of Development

Introduction

Development is a process that involves various dimensions over social structure of the society, attitude and institutions. Development is related to the changes which regard to four aspects that include economy, social, politics and culture.

Objectives of development

a. Ability to provide basic needs

-Basic human needs such food, health safety.

b. Self esteem

-Sense of worth and self respect must be avoided as a tool by people for own needs.

c. Freedom from servitude

-Enable to choose which increase the range of human choice.

Indicators Of Development

Qualitative Indicators

1) Society

Economy

The economic situation of the underdeveloped country is very bad because they are in the crisis and makes the country find a hard way to develop their country. There are several factors that lead to the particular problem. For example

1. Lack of resources
2. Lack of local and foreign investors to boost up their economy
3. Full of unemployment .

Health

As we know the underdeveloped country is the dirtiest country. Because of the situation all disease can easily spread and infect the society of the particular country. For example in. the of disease are;

1. Malaria
2. Rubbery
3. Dengue
4. Leprosy

Education

Level of education of the underdeveloped country is very low and all the youngsters are totally abandoned and less conscious about the important of education. There are several factors caused the level of education of particular country become worst;

1. Less number of primary and secondary school and high level institution
2. Not interested in studies
3. Lack of motivation among the society
4. Bad management of ministry of education

2) Living of life

Decrease the gap between poor people and rich people

-usually poor people live in rural area and the government should help the rural area society to decrease the gap because it will affect the development of country.

Provide the infrastructure

-The government should provide the basic facilities like proper water system and systematic town planning at rural area.

-rural societies also need the infrastructure like others develop town.

Support the industrial activities at rural area.

-the government should help the rural people like give them a loans to needed, give them the motivation and job opportunities.

3) Peace

To achieve the peace aspect about indicator towards undeveloped nations like India, it must have the corporation between all aspects in that nations like between people - government and organizations and so on. Besides that, the word “peace” also means the nation is stable and without riot even have several of cultures. The nations also must get the stability in term of politics, social, economy to get the development. The barriers to achieve this peace are lack of educations, environment factor, economic problem and several of culture and religions.

4) Value

-The guideline and beliefs that a person uses when confronted with a situation in which a choice must be made.

-In short term, values are society’s ideas about what is right or wrong.

-It is very difficult to changes the values of society in undeveloped country if that society has followed that beliefs or values for a long time.

-For example, in India, in terms of agriculture India has a lot of cow but they cannot export that cow because they belief that cow is their god. So it’s difficult for the government to changes the values of society and will face a difficulty to increase the economy growth.

5) Moral

-How people behave in the society show or measure how their moral either high or low.

-It is consist of good value and bad value.

-Moral related with development, economic factor and the other factors.

-For example, in India, they are underdeveloped country that low in development. It is causes by low economic factor. From that factor it will lead to the other problem such as lack of education. In my opinion, when level of education is low, it will lead the moral also to become low.

-As a conclusion, underdeveloped country should improve their economic first in order to avoid the other problem from exist.

6) Culture

Religion

-there are many different religion that have various belief in communities that live in the undeveloped country. Example is Muslim's people cannot eat pork while Hindu's people cannot eat cow meat. They usually cannot work with each other because of their different belief.

Traditional

- usually people still using traditional method in their life. Example is superstition. These superstition may be the caused for several communities in undeveloped country cannot combine as one and work with each other.

Conclusion

As a conclusion, we can see that all the country in this world needs the developments. It is important to develop the country to get the needs as human life. The concept of development also will put new emphasis on the fulfillment of basic needs. We can see that the undeveloped country also trying to develop their country by focus on several elements like the level of living, peace, moral, values, culture and society. These all elements are very important to develop their country. It is important to develop the country in order to reduce the gap between the develop country and undeveloped country. So, when there is developing process, the country can compete to other country in this world.

Teacher's Note -TEST

Salam.

Because of BTN, I've to reschedule your Test 1. I've decided the test will be held as follows:

• AMD6PA - Tuesday (Feb. 17th, 2009), KARAH 10/3, 10.15am - 12.05pm

• AMD6PB - Thursday (Feb. 19th, 2009), 12B1, 12.15pm - 2.05pm

• AMD6PC + AMD6PD - Monday (Feb. 16th, 2009), 8C, 4.20pm - 6.10pm

Thus, for this coming Monday, AMD6PA and AMD6PB can have more time to study because your test will be held as scheduled.

Only AMD6PC and AMD6PD will take the test on that day.

Those from AMD6PC and AMD6PD who has problem taking test on the mentioned day, please notify me by or before Sunday (Feb. 15th, 2009 - 10am) so I can prepare the things accordingly.

The test will covers all chapters i.e. chapter 1 - 4, and don't forget Vago's chapter 6 and 9.



Good luck everybody and have a nice day!

Love you all ... as always!

Wassalam

HAMAS ASSOCIATION REPORT ON CONFLICT THEORY

Differences between Karl Mark and Ralf Dahrendorf based on conflict theory

KARL MARK End of conflict When the person or body of authority compromise Types of conflict Between society Size of conflict Bigger Concept of equality Not fair because it based on authority or power among people Conflict concern This conflict more concern about authority and power RALF DAHRENDORF End of conflict When the proletarial get their demand from Bourgeoise Types of conflict Between classes(Bourgeoise vs Proletarial) Size of conflict Small Concept of equality Fair and equal because depend on each other Conflict concern Conflict is more about product production

Teacher's Note - Public Announcement

Dear students,

Hi and welcome back to class.

As I browsed your blog and read and commented on them, I noticed some common pattern of answer, 1) where you have the tendency to simplify your answer that sometimes I couldn’t find any relevancy to point discussed before it; 2) having so much unnecessary facts and details that making readers fell like reading a textbook.

Even though a blog entry should be short and simple, you don’t have to discount many of your words and make your argument everywhere. You don’t have to write an essay for that matter, but try to use concise word to articulate your point.

For those who love to back up their answer with all facts and data (as if we really want to know!), you too need to be concise and precise in choosing your words so that your entry doesn’t dazzled me … you know how much I hate to scroll the whole page just to find your main point at the end of your entry!

It is a waste when you come out with such a good point but having discussed it on the surface or lace it with unnecessary ‘ornament’ …

Try to be concise and precise and at the same time keep it short and simple.

On other words … briefly elaborate your point in detail – if you know what I mean.

Thank you and have a nice day!

P/s: Please correct you time line as the clock doesn't show the correct time of posting.

HAMAS ASSOCIATION REPORT ON SOCIAL CHANGES

ISSUES: BULLYING AMONG STUDENT

COMPONENT OF SOCIAL CHANGES

1. Identity of changes
- Bullying among student is related to the student which is come out with the pattern or trend at school or college. The bullying probably happen when there have junior and senior. The spirit of seniority can make the student behavior changes from good to bad. Perceptions of student will changes when they become senior in order to doing their negative tradition about bullying such as raging, fighting and so on.

2. Level of changes
- Bullying always happen by the group of student. This group is teenagers which are from 15 years old to 19 years old. Bullies are usually boys but sometimes even girls. They are absolutely from the senior that wants to show their power and strength to junior. They get pleasure from kicking and hitting their schoolmates who are smaller, younger and unable to defend them.

3. Duration of changes
- The duration of change is long. Bullying is the critical issue in our country which happened formerly until today. This symptom has been contagious and changes the behavior and perception of student to make unlawful action. This social problem will affect the future of country in order to produce a good and discipline generation.

4. Magnitude of changes
- The magnitude of changes is incremental which change is by stage. This issue is incremental because it focuses on the student or teenager. The student is the parties that are participate in the bullying and not involves the all level of people such as children and old folks.

5. Rate of changes
- The rate of changes is continuous. The bullying among student is not the new social issue in our country but is become serious lately. The bullying is old problem and still continuous until day because of some factor. The perception of student is one factor which they deem it is tradition activity by the senior especially in hostel. Another factor is influence by the mass media.






SOURCES OR VARIABLE S OF CHANGES

1. Technology
- Violence has a direct relation with bullying. As a result, many movies, TV programmed that promote aggressive behaviors are being accused as the major reason of bullying. In fact, cases have been found that some students use ‘kung fu’ to attack other student. So, the society should concern about the flood of violent movies in television.


2. Ideology
- Bullying always happen in a group of student which can show that they intend to do when they are in group. It show that it is influence from friend and spirit of seniority A few percentage show that bullying happen by the individual bullies. So, the perception of student about the seniority also can be ideology for student to bullying.

3. Conflict

a) Family
- Conflict always happen from the family problem which is the student can be pressure with the matter happen in home such as parent divorce. Then, the student brings their problem into school. Finally, other student will be a victim to release the student tension and pressure.

b) Teacher
- Besides that, the conflict between student and teacher also happened which is the student are not satisfied or had the teacher at school. Then, bullying among student will come out because not satisfied with teacher at school. The junior student will be a victimized by the senior student for release the tension and pressure.

c) Individual
- Another conflict happen when the student itself has become a victimized of bullying when they are junior at the school. Then, they are repeating the same action to another junior in order to reply what had happened to them when become a senior.Nowaday, senior student deem it is a tradition activity to their junior but its become serious issues in our country.

Hamas Association Report On Tutorial 2

Discussion

6. How you evaluate the political situation in Malaysia during 1960s especially in terms of people participation in politics?

1960- The changes- Political Modernization that people participation are not fully full because in nature people don’t like to changes. It must take a time and effort by the government to make people know the important of the politics in development country.
The culture has its own perspectives and mixed with the political modernization. .

7. Define urbanization and explain the impact of urbanization in relation to development country.

Urbanization is about the process of transforming a place into a city. It is process in which an increasing proportion and an entire population live in cities and suburbs in cities. The impact of urbanization in relation to development administration are expansion of jurisdiction in development administration, over urbanization can effect the development administration like problem of crowding, housing, shortage and over burden of infrastructure. Urbanization also can give good impact like increase effectiveness and efficiency of management of development administration.

8. How far the existence of civic society may increase the government competency? Illustrate your answer with appropriate example.

Civic society can increase the good competency in the government. As an examples NGO are responsible to fulfill the vacuum left by the government. It also can play the roles as government to increase the development in our country in economy, social and politic. Then it also can overcome any problem faced in our country or cooperate with government to formulate any policy for us.


9. “To privatize or not privatize”. Discuss.

We agree to privatize. It is because it can decrease government burden in their roles and task. Then, it can increase good competency like TNB, TV3, TELEKOM and SYABAS. Besides that, it give satisfaction for people by give them good services. It also can increase effectiveness and efficiency through a well training that provide by the organization


10. Of all aspects of development in a country (inclusive of social, economic and politic) which of those that should be given more emphasis right now and why?

We choose politic aspect should given more emphasis right now because the scope of politic in a country is a wide than other aspect. Basically, social and economic development in our country depends on the stability of politic in the country. If, there is no stability in that aspect the country will experience a lot of problem such as nepotism, red tape, spoil system and corruption.
Nepotism is a situation where the top management appointed their own relative to held any position in organization. For example, Pak Lah appointed their son-in-law, Khairy Jamaluddin to hold a position in the government and party. Nepotism also can be defined as using an ‘insideman’ or ‘cable’ to post the position. Red tape is happened in the bureaucracy system in public or private sector, it happened when there are too many procedures to follow by the customer. Spoil system is about an inappropriate system used by the government and corruption means using money to conquer the public arena or a ‘shortcut’ to achieve their willingness.

TUTORIAL 2

1st Task

In your opinion, what would be the appropriate theme in illustrating the current development situation in Malaysia and justify your answer?

The best theme that our groups choose in illustrating the current development situation in Malaysia is about the emergence of civic society and regional development. It is because we think that it is suitable than other themes. Under these themes there are about the Civic society, as an example is NGO that filling the vacuum left by the government. As we know, it has the important roles in fulfill the gap that left by the government. Besides that, it also gives chance for non-bumiputera in their future time. It is because, we can see that the non-bumiputera hard to get work at the government sector. On the other hand, NGO’s make an improvement for the government sector otherwise it give the burden to the government.

Now, the government not only wants about the development country but also about the development human capital to set the K-worker, to give the best one facility to the public and promotes the best and good mentality’s attitude. As examples is about the Kem PLKN and Biro Tata Negara. The government also has done the project that can improve the country economy, job opportunity and investment. As examples we can see that LEGO Company invests for the Wilayah Pembangunan Iskandariah (WPI) by do LEGO theme park. Malaysia also focuses on the security, education and industries. Security is important to our country because there are many global issues have happened. As an example is GAZA conflict that will affect the development of the country. Education aspects are important in order to produce good future leader to continue our country development to the higher level as same level with the advanced country. People will get a good benefit if the economic development is increase. For example, our government is focus on agriculture industries because we have advantages to move one step forward in economic development.


Task 2

Analyze the impact of securing foreign aid to the development of a country. How far do you think the government should comply with the rules put by the borrower and why you say so?

When a particular country receives or gets foreign aid from another country in several aspects such as in military, finance, developments, expertise and education, the country usually would have to comply with several conditions and terms that have been set by the borrower. The country that gives the foreign aid wants to secure their interest by securing the aid. The impact of the foreign aid to the country can be divided into two which is positive and negative impact.

In the positive aspect, when we get an independent from Britain in 1957, we need their help to develop our country in administration. We need it to improve our administration in achieving better system to govern our country. As a result, we have been using the British administration system as our guideline until this time.

Secondly, after the tsunami tragedy, our country gives the foreign aid such as donation to Acheh for restructuring their country. Through this situation, our relationship with the other country will become close. It is also, can give good impact and create good reputation to our country in the eyes of the world.

As for the negative impact, in 1970’s, our country receive foreign aid from Japan. The foreign aid has negative impact on our country development, especially in rural area. This was proven when Japan establishes their factory such as SONY and Mitsubishi. The job opportunity back then was increased but when many workers that comes from rural area has affected by decreasing the development in that particular area.

The government that has received foreign aid must fulfill the terms and condition from the borrower as long as the rules did not give bad effect to our country situation.

If we don’t follow and fulfill the rules, maybe their will stop their foreign aid to our country. When their stop the aid, it will give bad effect such as hard to develop our country because of limited resources. As for example, cases of Tambak Johor Project. Singapore want to use our air space, water, and sand. So it will give bad effect to our country especially to internal and external security and economic.

Beside that, we should follow the rules put by the borrower if our country and the borrower both got the advantage from that foreign aid. Example is Russian give foreign aid to Malaysia in term of aerospace technology. Then we trade it with palm oil to them. As a result, both country get the benefit. This is a win-win situation for both country.

group members :

-Wan Mohd Aimi Bin Wan Roselan

-Mohd Bazley Bin Mislin

-Mohamad Shahdan Bin Md Isa

-Jihadi Bin Norzini Aziz

-Muhd Nur Izzat Bin Naimuddin

-Muhd Firdaus Bin Abd Aziz

-Mohd Noor Azrin Bin Adnan

-Mohd Asrul Helmy Bin Mohidin

-Mohd Fazree Zulhelmy Bin Mohd Fizwan